Abstract: Introduction: The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the main stabilizers of the knee, but its injury occurs in conjunction with other ligaments. Objective: To determine the prevalence of MCL lesions by magnetic resonance imaging, their degrees and associated lesions in our institution. Material and Methods: Retrospective study from January to April 2018 where KNEE MRIs were evaluated where the MCL lesion was presented to evaluate the degree and type of associated injuries. Results: We included 368 studies, prevalence of isolated MCL lesion of 3.07%, grade I and grade II, prevalence of concomitant MCL lesions was 17.66% grade I (75%), grade II (15%) and grade III (3%). Associated injuries were medial meniscus injury (46.15%), anterior cruciate ligament injury (30.7%), isolated bone contusion (18.46%), chodral injuries (37.58%), medial vastus injury (14.51%), patellar medial retinacular injury (14.51%), vastus lateral injury (9.23%), posterior cruciate ligament injury (6.15%), lateral meniscus injury (4.61%), iliotibial band tenosynovitis (4.61%), medial facet avulsion fracture (3.07%), Pes Anserine tenosynovitis (3.07%). Conclusion: Prevalence of 17.66% of the MCL injuries in our hospital by magnetic resonance, the first 2 degrees predominate, with a wide spectrum of associated knee injuries.

Resumen: Introducción: El ligamento colateral medial (LCM) es uno de los principales estabilizadores de la rodilla, pero su lesión se presenta en conjunto con otras lesiones ligamentarias. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de lesiones del LCM por resonancia magnética, sus grados y lesiones asociadas en nuestra institución. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de Enero a Abril de 2018, se evaluaron resonancias magnéticas de rodilla donde se presentó lesión del LCM para evaluar grado y tipo de lesiones asociadas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 368 estudios, prevalencia de lesión aislada del LCM de 3.07%, una grado I y una grado II, la prevalencia de lesiones de LCM concomitantes fue de 17.66%, grado I (75%), grado II (15%) y grado III (3%). Las lesiones asociadas fueron lesión del menisco medial (46.15%), lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior (30.7%), contusión ósea aislada (18.46%), lesiones condrales (37.58%), lesión de vasto medial (14.51%), lesión del retináculo medial patelar (14.51%), lesión del vasto lateral (9.23%), lesión del ligamento cruzado posterior (6.15%), lesión del menisco lateral (4.61%), tenosinovitis banda iliotibial (4.61%), fractura de avulsión de la faceta medial (3.07%), tenosinovitis de la Pes Anserinus (3.07%). Conclusión: Prevalencia de 17.66% de lesiones del LCM en nuestro hospital por resonancia magnética, predominan los dos primeros grados con un espectro amplio de lesiones asociadas de la rodilla.

Kaposi's sarcoma is a vascular tumor that affects the skin and other organs. Currently there are several therapeutic options to treat this condition, however, optimal therapy is not yet well established. Cryotherapy is an alternative that offers good results and few complications. It's a case of a 90-year-old male patient, with a clinical picture of approximately 12 months of evolution, with the presence of "brown spots" on both feet, which are exacerbated with heat and decrease with cold, asymptomatic and without previous treatment.

El sarcoma de Kaposi es un tumor vascular que afecta la piel y otros órganos. Actualmente existen diversas opciones terapéuticas para tratar esta condición, sin embargo, la terapia óptima aún no está bien establecida. La crioterapia es una alternativa que ofrece buenos resultados y escasas complicaciones. Se trata de un paciente masculino de 90 años de edad, acude con un cuadro clínico de aproximadamente 12 meses de evolución, con presencia de "manchas café" en ambos pies, que se exacerban con calor y disminuyen con frío, asintomáticas y sin tratamiento previo.

Uma nova classe de inseticida derivado da fermentação de Sacharopolyspora spinosa - espinosade - tem sido indicada como uma alternativa natural de baixa toxicidade aos agrotóxicos clássicos. A fim de elucidar diversos aspectos relacionados às mudanças morfofisiológicas induzidas por espinosade Artibeus lituratus, os efeitos da administração durante sete dias sobre a glicose plasmática, proteína de glicogênio, e as concentrações de lipídios foram avaliados, assim como possíveis alterações nas células do fígado foram examinadas por análise histológica. Os animais foram alimentados com frutas contaminadas com espinosade por meio de imersão em uma solução. Os dados sobre o metabolismo revelaram um decréscimo na concentração de lipídios dos músculos das patas posteriores dos animais do grupo tratado. A análise morfológica indicou um aumento significativo no diâmetro das células do fígado dos animais tratados em relação ao controle. Este estudo indica que o espinosade, utilizado na dose recomendada, não afeta o metabolismo energético em geral de A. lituratus, mas pode afetar algumas características ultraestruturais das células hepáticas.

A new class of insecticide derived from fermentation of Sacharopolyspora spinosa - spinosad, has been indicated as being of low toxicity and a natural alternative to classical pesticides. In order to elucidate several aspects related to the morphophysiological changes induced by spinosad in Artibeus lituratus, the effects of a seven-day administration on plasma glucose, glycogen, protein and lipid concentrations were evaluated, and possible changes in liver cells were examined by histological analysis. Animals were fed with spinosyn-contaminated fruit through immersion in a solution. Data reporting on metabolism revealed a decrease in hind limb muscle lipid concentration in the treated group. Morphological analysis indicated a significant increase in liver cell diameter in treated animals compared to the control group. This study indicates that spinosyn, used at its recommended dose, does not affect general energy metabolism in A. lituratus but may affect some ultrastructural characteristics of liver cells.

A myotoxin phospholipase A2 homologue, BmooMtx, was isolated from the venom of Bothrops moojeni by a combination of ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel column and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. SDS-PAGE showed the enzyme to be a monomer with a molecular weight of 16,500. BmooMtx induced release of creatine kinase and morphological analyses indicated that it provoked an intense myonecrosis, with visible leukocyte infiltrate and damaged muscle cells 24 hours after injection. Anti-BmooMTx antibodies partially neutralized the myotoxic activity of BmooMtx and crude B. moojeni venom, as judged by determination of plasma creatine kinase levels and histological evaluation of skeletal muscle in mice. Anti-BmooMTx antibodies were effective in reducing the plasma creatine kinase levels of crude B. alternatus and B. leucurus venoms, evidencing immunological cross-reactivity between BmooMTx and other bothropic venoms. Intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of BmooMtx (1 to 15 μg/animal) caused a dose- and time-dependent hyperalgesia and edematogenic responses. Dexamethasone (0.4 mg/kg), meloxicam (2 mg/kg) and promethazine (5 mg/kg) markedly reduced the hyperalgesia. Our data suggest that these drugs may likely serve as complementary therapies in cases of accidents with Bothrops moojeni, provided that such pharmacological treatments are administered immediately after the incident.

An experiment was carried out with male and females broilers of two different commercial breeds to evaluate bone mineral density of the right femur head. A number of 600 one-day-old broilers were raised in an experimental poultry house up to 42 days of age at the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil. After slaughter, three males and three females in each breed in each of the established gross scores were selected. Their femora heads were submitted to gross examination, and subsequently the thighs were submitted to the Veterinary Hospital for radiographic analysis. Femora were also submitted to bone resistance, Seedor index, and dry matter content analyses. All these bone quality characteristics were different between males and females, independent of breed. Breeds presented similar behavior. It was possible to establish correlations between bone quality parameters, and confidence intervals for bone mineral density values, correlating them to femoral degeneration score, which allows characterizing femoral head lesions by radiographic optical densitometry.